A filling looks like the simplest bill in dentistry, and it is still worth reading line by line. Fees are usually set per surface, meaning each face of the tooth the filling touches, so a small filling and a large one on the same tooth can be priced very differently. The material matters too, because tooth-colored composite and silver-colored amalgam are not billed the same way and many plans pay as if you had chosen the cheaper one. A filling can also turn into something larger. When decay runs deeper than the X-ray suggested, the tooth may need a build-up, a root canal or a crown, each with its own fee. Ask how the office counts surfaces, which material it will use, and what happens to the fee if the decay turns out to be deeper than the X-ray showed.
Published fees for the coded services
| Service | Delta Dental of Washington plan, 2023 | Maryland Medicaid, 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| Composite, 1 surface, posterior (D2391) | $74 | $107.33 |
| Composite, 2 surfaces, posterior (D2392) | $100 | $138.49 |
| Composite, 3 surfaces, posterior (D2393) | $127 | $173.12 |
| Composite, 1 surface, anterior (D2330) | $69 | $96.95 |
Private offices can charge more, and fees differ by region and case. Sources: the Delta Dental of Washington fee schedule (as of June 8, 2023) and the Maryland Healthy Smiles 2025 fee schedule. For a fee lookup by ZIP code, see FAIR Health Consumer.
What moves the number
What drives the cost of a filling
| Factor | Detail |
|---|---|
| Number of surfaces | A filling that covers one face of a tooth is priced differently from one that wraps two, three or more. Ask how the office counts. |
| Material | Composite resin, amalgam and other materials are priced separately. The FDA describes what amalgam is made of, and the choice between them is a clinical one before it is a financial one. |
| Which tooth | Back teeth are harder to reach and bear more chewing force, and that can change both time and material. |
| Depth of the decay | A deep cavity can need a liner, a build-up or even root canal treatment. Those are separate procedures. |
| Anesthesia and sedation | Local anesthetic is usually part of the fee, while sedation is not. Ask. |
| How many fillings in one visit | Some offices treat a whole quadrant at once. Find out whether the fee changes and whether it saves a visit. |
| Replacing an old filling | Removing an old restoration and rebuilding the tooth can cost more than filling a new cavity. |
Complete cost
Line items that belong in a filling estimate
Examination and X-rays that led to the diagnosis
Local anesthetic
Removal of the decay or the old restoration
Any liner, base or protective layer under the filling
The filling itself, priced by surface and material
Shaping, polishing and a bite check
A follow-up if the tooth stays sensitive
Use this as the checklist against a real written estimate, then put the actual numbers into the complete-cost worksheet.
Where surprises come from
When a filling turns into something bigger
Decay that reaches the nerve once it is opened up, which can call for a root canal
A tooth so broken down that a build-up or crown is a better choice than a large filling
A crack that shows only after the old filling comes out
A filling that needs redoing because the bite is high or the tooth stays sensitive
A plan that pays toward the cheaper material and leaves you the difference for composite
Compare like for like
Questions that make two filling quotes comparable
- How many surfaces is each filling, and how did the office count them?
- Which material is proposed, and why for this tooth?
- Is anesthetic included, and what would sedation add if it is needed?
- What happens to the fee if the decay is deeper than the X-ray showed?
- Would a larger restoration such as an onlay or crown serve this tooth better?
- Is there a warranty or a recheck if the tooth is sensitive afterwards?
Insurance
How dental plans usually treat fillings
MetLife, Guardian and Cigna all list fillings as basic care, and UnitedHealthcare lists simple fillings as basic care too. That usually means the plan pays a larger share than for crowns, though a deductible can apply first. The common snag is the material. Some plans pay for a filling as if it were the lower-cost material and leave the difference to you, and the same idea appears as an alternate-benefit provision on other services. A written estimate before treatment shows which rule applies. Frequency limits can also matter if the same tooth or surface is treated again within a set period.
Check with the plan how it treats composite fillings on back teeth, and whether an alternate benefit applies.
One filling or many
A single cavity and a mouth full of them
| Factor | Detail |
|---|---|
| One filling | Priced by surface. Ask whether the exam and X-rays are billed on the same day. |
| Several fillings | Find out whether treatment can be grouped by area, and whether staging across benefit years helps with an annual maximum. |
| Widespread decay | Many cavities call for a plan that addresses the cause, not only each hole. Ask about prevention, diet and fluoride as part of the plan. |
| Children | Children's fillings follow the same logic, and coverage for children differs from adults on many plans. |
Lowering the bill
Ways to reduce cost without lowering the standard of care
Call a dental school or dental hygiene school clinic to find out whether it offers fillings and how its fees are set
Ask a community health center whether it offers dental care on an income-based scale
Ask your plan for the fee it allows for each surface, then compare offices
Do not delay treatment of a painful cavity to wait out a benefit year. Ask how urgent it is.
Ask about prevention, since a filling does not stop new decay
Questions people ask
Common questions
01Why does a filling cost more on some teeth than others?
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Fees are usually set by the number of surfaces the filling covers, and back teeth often need larger restorations and harder access. The material and the depth of the decay also matter. Learn how the office counts surfaces and what the quote assumes about the depth of decay.
02Is a composite filling more expensive than amalgam?
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Usually it is billed separately and may cost more. Some plans pay as if you had chosen the lower-cost material and leave you the difference for composite. Which material suits a tooth is a clinical decision first. The FDA has published information on dental amalgam, and your dentist can explain the trade-offs for your tooth.
03Does insurance cover fillings?
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Usually, as basic care. MetLife, Guardian and Cigna list fillings as basic, and UnitedHealthcare lists simple fillings the same way. A deductible and coinsurance often apply, and some plans pay toward a lower-cost material. Request a written estimate and the plan's position on composite fillings on back teeth.
04Can a filling turn into a root canal?
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Yes. If decay reaches the nerve once it is opened up, the tooth may need root canal treatment, and often a crown afterwards. That is not a mistake in the original quote, since the depth is not always visible on an X-ray. Ask the office what it would do if that happened and how the fee would change.
05Is it worth replacing an old filling?
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Not always. A filling that is intact, sealed and comfortable may not need replacing, and removing one takes away sound tooth. A dentist can check for decay under the edges or a crack. Check what the findings are, what would happen if you waited and what the replacement would involve.
06Where can I get a filling at lower cost?
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Dental school clinics, dental hygiene school clinics and community health centers can offer care at reduced fees, according to the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research and the Health Resources and Services Administration. Check what each provides. Do not delay care for a painful or infected tooth while you look.
07How many fillings can be done in one visit?
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That depends on the dentist, the teeth involved and how you tolerate treatment. Some offices treat a whole quadrant in one visit. Ask whether the fee changes, whether it reduces the number of appointments and whether anesthetic on both sides of the mouth is a concern for you.
08Are fillings for children covered differently?
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Often, yes. Many plans and public programs treat children's dental care separately. Medicaid and CHIP must cover dental care for children in every state, and other plans may have different waiting periods or limits for children. Check your plan, and see the Medicaid and CHIP dental coverage guide.
09How do I avoid needing more fillings?
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Address the cause. Cleaning between the teeth, using fluoride toothpaste and limiting frequent sugary snacks and drinks all reduce new decay, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's oral health guidance. Your dentist can also assess whether a sealant or fluoride treatment would help for your mouth.
10Do I need X-rays before a filling?
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Usually, since a dentist needs images to see decay between teeth and to judge how deep it runs. Ask whether recent X-rays are on file and whether taking new ones is billed on the same visit. Then check whether your plan limits how often it pays for X-rays.
11Can I ask for a tooth-colored filling on a back tooth?
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You can ask, and the choice is clinical first. Ask why a material is proposed for that tooth, what it would cost and whether your plan pays toward it or only toward the cheaper material. See the composite versus amalgam comparison.
12How do I know if the quote for several fillings is fair?
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Ask for it itemized by tooth and surface, and compare it with a second office using the same lines. Check whether the exam, X-rays and anesthetic are included, and ask about staging if your annual maximum is low.
Related glossary terms
Sources
- Oral Health TopicsAmerican Dental AssociationAccessed 2026-08-17
- Medicare Dental CoverageCenters for Medicare & Medicaid ServicesAccessed 2026-08-17
- Dental Amalgam FillingsU.S. Food and Drug AdministrationAccessed 2026-08-17
- What Is a Dental PPO Plan?MetLife Oral Fitness LibraryAccessed 2026-09-24
- Dental InsuranceGuardianAccessed 2026-09-24
- Dental HMO vs. PPO PlansCigna HealthcareAccessed 2026-09-24
- Dental insuranceUnitedHealthcareAccessed 2026-09-24
- Oral Health Tips for AdultsCenters for Disease Control and PreventionAccessed 2026-08-17
- Finding Dental CareNational Institute of Dental and Craniofacial ResearchAccessed 2026-09-23
- What is a Health Center?Health Resources and Services AdministrationAccessed 2026-09-23